atom04:'''definitions'''
DEFINITIONS
IDENTITY
Differentiation - difference in kind and difference in degree accordind to Bergson
Henri-Louis Bergson was a major French philosopher, influential especially in the first half of the 20th century.
Bergson distinguishes between two forms of time: pure time and mathematical time. Pure time is real duration. Mathematical time is measurable duration. Real time is continuous and indivisible. Mathematical time is divisible into units or intervals which do not reflect the flow of real time.
According to Bergson, real time cannot be analyzed mathematically. To measure time is to try to create a break or disruption in time. In order to try to understand the flow of time, the intellect forms concepts of time as consisting of defined moments or intervals. But to try to intellectualize the experience of duration is to falsify it. Real duration can only be experienced by intuition.
In the intellectual representation of time, a succession of distinct states or events is presented as a spatialized form of time. Time is conceptualized as an ordered arrangement of defined events, rather than as an endless flow of experience in an indivisible continuity. The intellect analyzes time as having measurable duration, but the flow of real time can only be known by intuition.
Because of the differences of the intuition, it will have different kind of feelings about the time and the space.
Personalization
Urban Phenomena - a spatial setting that is creating a cultural relevance. Urban phenomena can be seen as differing spatial quality, emotionally loaded. Its cultural importance overweighs its logistical and contextual situation. Not a difference in degree, but difference in kind.
Most well known urban phenomena is the Bilbao effect. In Bilbao's urban regeneration plan, Frank Gehry's Guggenheim museum managed to change the identity of the city itself - the rundown area of a city in economic decline was brought to huge financial growth and prestige, the Bilbao changed from problematic industrial town to a global tourist destination. The effect was achieved through one extraordinary building, the Bilbao's Guggenheim Museum. Due to the scale and the budget Gehry's building became the symbol of its Kind, the beginning of iconic objects. It was already loaded with the emotions created by Deconstructivist movement in architecture, it wasn't a manifesto building any more, but big a cultural temple, a delivery project of the new spatial qualities.
Urban phenomenas can be found in different scale. Bilbao effect is clearly a global one. In smaller scale, locally, the scheme also works. Local urban phenomenas work according to similar pattern. They are connected to an attempt to produce a "delight rating" for a given space. The space has to be designed as an easily memorisable one, but also different from the already seen and sensed. Urban Phenomenas need strong, surprising, routine breaking experiences.
DURATION
Repetition - the act of repeating, repeated action. Repetition is depending on the time, it is considered as a time concept in given space.
According to Gilles Deleuze's notion that there is no time but the present, the duration, which contains past and future. Repetition describes the different ways in which past and future can be inscribed in a present. Repetitional Habit incarnates the past (and gestures to the future) in the present by transforming the weight of experience into an urgency. Repetition can be seen through the he active force of memory, which introduces discontinuity into the passage of time by sustaining relationships between more distant events, in a virtual and vertical way, it deals with events in their depth and structure rather than in their contiguity in time. The time without the repetition can be seen as an empty time, it consists out of ultimate event or experiences that are breaking free from the simple repetition of time.
When making the future and the past more visible, sensible, repetition is referring to the habits and the memory of the users. For the notion of the present itself the experience has to be strong and surprising enough to outdo the routine, the habitual.
Routine - course of actions followed regularly, a standard set of procedures. Habits are routines of behaviour that are repeated regularly and tend to occur subconsciously. Routine, habit is a concept that needs a subject. In the context of the user the routine and habit are describing its repetitional relationship to the place.
Trace - A visible mark, made by the subject. an indication of the former presence or existence of something. mark of the absence of a presence, an always-already absent present.
According to Jacques Derrida, instead of finding the truth, the closure, it is important to see the absence of presence, loophole, freeplay of meanings. The trace becomes the medium for those in text. The trace is not a presence but is rather a presence that is dislocated, displaced, and refers beyond itself. the concept of the trace can be seen as marks on and under erasure - a new word written, old one crossed out. For the freeplay of meaning all is printed - both words and the deletion.
the trace is the remains of an act done by the subject, the user. The trace can be seen as the medium of the repetition. The recognition moment of the traces can become an ultimate moment. the experience of understanding the logic of displaced loopholes, dislocated meaning can be seen as an strong and surprising event.
INTERACTIVITY
Participation
Participation is about taking part in some activity
Literally participation means: Taking part (with other people) in some action or matter.
But what is taking part(two ways of taking part)
à active partitipation
à passive participation
à passive participation
only taking part by being present.
àactive participation
Taking part by react on the enviroment
-through participation people will feel attached
-people has to be convinced to take part of the situation.
Veerman, R., Interactie en particiaptie, Deventer, 2000.
Reaction
